History of Bordeaux - Bordeaux Arms
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History of Arms of Bordeaux
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Bordeaux Reservation.fr
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Bordeaux Flag
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Flags, arms, and emblems of the City of BORDEAUX
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Bordeaux, the historic capital of Aquitaine, Aquitaine region and prefecture capital of Gironde department. 250,000 inhabitants. City that gave its name to the appellation of a wine from the Gironde department, covering the areas from the estuary to the Sauternes via Bordeaux
History of Bordeaux:
Burdigala, capital of "Biturgies Vivisci", old commonalty of the region was rallied in Rome during the conquest of Gaul and was erected in "civitas". In 28 BC, it is one of the fourteen cities of "Aquitaine Second".
Thanks to its port located on a arm of the Deveze, Bordeaux became the economic capital of "Aquitaine Second" (370-508) and a place of importation and distribution of "Campanian" wine before being the center of a producing region
The City was Christanized in the fourth century by St Hilaire and St Martin.
Occupied by the Visigoths and then by the Franks after the battle of Vouillé (507), the city will be sacked by the Saracens of Abd el Rahman and released by the Franks of Pepin Le Bref.
Integrated into the Kingdom of France and organized under Charlemagne, Bordeaux will be under the authority of the Counts of Poitou from 1032 to 1154, and changed the city in the capital of Aquitaine, and a port that looks towards England. The Bordeaux merchants enjoy a total exemption from taxes and ensuring the proficiency of British trade and even obtaining the quality of citizens of London!
The city will be taken over by the french Dunois in 1451, then finally annexed to France in 1453. In the eighteenth century, the city recovered its former prosperity through trade in the islands. The governor of Guyenne, Richelieu but also Boucher, Dupre, Tourny contribute to the growth of the city.
Bordeaux rallied quickly to the Revolution and its ideas, and became the center of the faction Brissotins (Girondins). Under the Restoration and July Monarchy, the town grows up with the arrival of Trains transport.
On December 9, 1870, the Government delegation at Tours, led by Gambetta, settled in Bordeaux and several government will sit in 1914 and 1940.
The Bordeaux Wines : We can see primarily on the left bank of the Gironde, the vineyard of the Medoc. On both sides of the Garonne, the vineyards of Graves, Barsac and Sauternes (left bank), the vineyards of the coast Bordeaux (Right Bank), between the Garonne and the Dordogne, the vineyards of "Entre-Deux-Mers", finally on the right bank of the Dordogne vineyards of Saint-Emilion and Pomerol. They offer a variety of wines, red wines made from Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Malbec, dry and sweet white wines made from Sauvignon grapes.
Origin of the flag: the flag of the city of Bordeaux simply represents by its center, the arms of the city.
Origin of arms: During the presence of Richard Coeur de Lion, the emblem of Bordeaux is a pictorial representation and symbolic elements recall the history of the City.
Currency: Lilia sola regunt Lunam unda castra leonem
"Lilies reign alone on the moon, the waves, the castle and the lion", alludes to the domination of the King of France in Bordeaux, after the period of British occupation. Symbolic of furniture: the fortress represents a stylized Grosse Cloche, flanked by two towers now disappeared. The Grosse Cloche was part of the town hall, the Middle Ages and during the Ancien Regime. The leopard represents the Kings of England (and not the province of Guyenne). During British rule, the Blazon of Bordeaux has three leopards. The crescent is an allusion to the semi-circular shape of the port of the Moon (Port de la Lune). The wavy blue sea and silver sand symbolizes the sea and the Garonne. The chief azure fleurs-de-lis is the symbol of the kings of France. This part of the Blazon has been added after the British occupation |
BORDEAUX HISTORY
(Gabrielle Blanchard)
From Burdigala to Bordeu: the ancient origins of the city and its various transformations in the Middle Ages.
Prefecture of the Gironde, the Aquitaine region situated in the city of Bordeaux has over two thousand years. She in turn called Burdigala, Burdegale, then Bordeu finally become in the eighteenth century Bordeaux. Renowned worldwide for its wines, it has undergone over the centuries of upheaval and its history is as rich as his vineyard.
Founding of the city Burdigala
By the third century BC, a Gallic tribe, Bituriges-Vivisques - descendants of the Celtic branch - crossing the Garonne and settled on its left bank. Until then, these wetlands, composed for the most part of Marsh, had not secured the men. These people will transform the mouth of the Devèze - tributary of the Garonne - in port: Burdigala.
Warriors originally Bituriges become traders. Burdigala is at the crossroads of major roads in the tin and lead. Indeed, the kingdoms of the Atlantic provide the metal used to make bronze. On the other hand, the Mediterranean world who reigned over the wine trade. This drink is still unknown territory since the Gauls consume mainly barley beer and mead.
(Gabrielle Blanchard)
From Burdigala to Bordeu: the ancient origins of the city and its various transformations in the Middle Ages.
Prefecture of the Gironde, the Aquitaine region situated in the city of Bordeaux has over two thousand years. She in turn called Burdigala, Burdegale, then Bordeu finally become in the eighteenth century Bordeaux. Renowned worldwide for its wines, it has undergone over the centuries of upheaval and its history is as rich as his vineyard.
Founding of the city Burdigala
By the third century BC, a Gallic tribe, Bituriges-Vivisques - descendants of the Celtic branch - crossing the Garonne and settled on its left bank. Until then, these wetlands, composed for the most part of Marsh, had not secured the men. These people will transform the mouth of the Devèze - tributary of the Garonne - in port: Burdigala.
Warriors originally Bituriges become traders. Burdigala is at the crossroads of major roads in the tin and lead. Indeed, the kingdoms of the Atlantic provide the metal used to make bronze. On the other hand, the Mediterranean world who reigned over the wine trade. This drink is still unknown territory since the Gauls consume mainly barley beer and mead.
The vineyard, an invaluable
Following one of their maritime expeditions, Bituriges report of Albania, the basilica, the mother of biturica - grape resistant oceanic climate which gave birth to the Gironde vineyard, the same vineyard that will for two thousand years the fortunes of Bordeaux . The first vines are located in the first century AD, and thus escapes Burdigala wine tax imposed by Narbonne, which has a virtual monopoly of this trade.
Burdigala and Roman architecture
From the first century BC, the Romans occupied Burdigala and implement their urban plans to the city. Two main lines are well drawn: the north-south cardo (which corresponds to the current Sainte-Catherine) and east-west decumanus (Red Hat courses and Stewardship). Within these areas, is the Forum (Place de Comédie). Then the city grid of streets is parallel covering nearly 125 hectares. Burdigala becomes the capital of Aquitaine. It is even called the "Little Rome."
Barbarian Invasions and fortifications
In 276, the barbarians from the east invade the city and destroy it. The surviving population took refuge behind high walls, built with pieces of the finest monuments of the city. Long walls with several gates and flanked by a fifty laps around then Burdigala - real fortifications. The city occupies only thirty hectares and can resist valiantly from the fifth to the ninth century to the attacks of the Vandals, Visigoths, Franks, Saracens, or Vikings, etc..
In the Middle Ages, the walled city sees rise behind its walls of churches, monasteries, cathedrals. The name of Burdigala Burdegale evolves.
Birth Bordeu
In the year 848, the Normans burned and looted the city. This date marks the end of ancient Bordeaux. These are the dukes Gascon, then those of Aquitaine, who restored the city's greatness that it had been under Roman rule. Burdegale becomes Bordeu (Gascon term).
Where in the twelfth century, Eleanor of Aquitaine married King Henry II Plantagenet, Aquitaine is attached to England. The former Burdigala expands well beyond the medieval walls. The wine trade that develops between the banks of the Garonne and those of the Thames made the city a rich city.
In the fifteenth century, after the battle of Castillon, the city became French again. The wine trade with England stops marking the end of a prosperous time.
Following one of their maritime expeditions, Bituriges report of Albania, the basilica, the mother of biturica - grape resistant oceanic climate which gave birth to the Gironde vineyard, the same vineyard that will for two thousand years the fortunes of Bordeaux . The first vines are located in the first century AD, and thus escapes Burdigala wine tax imposed by Narbonne, which has a virtual monopoly of this trade.
Burdigala and Roman architecture
From the first century BC, the Romans occupied Burdigala and implement their urban plans to the city. Two main lines are well drawn: the north-south cardo (which corresponds to the current Sainte-Catherine) and east-west decumanus (Red Hat courses and Stewardship). Within these areas, is the Forum (Place de Comédie). Then the city grid of streets is parallel covering nearly 125 hectares. Burdigala becomes the capital of Aquitaine. It is even called the "Little Rome."
Barbarian Invasions and fortifications
In 276, the barbarians from the east invade the city and destroy it. The surviving population took refuge behind high walls, built with pieces of the finest monuments of the city. Long walls with several gates and flanked by a fifty laps around then Burdigala - real fortifications. The city occupies only thirty hectares and can resist valiantly from the fifth to the ninth century to the attacks of the Vandals, Visigoths, Franks, Saracens, or Vikings, etc..
In the Middle Ages, the walled city sees rise behind its walls of churches, monasteries, cathedrals. The name of Burdigala Burdegale evolves.
Birth Bordeu
In the year 848, the Normans burned and looted the city. This date marks the end of ancient Bordeaux. These are the dukes Gascon, then those of Aquitaine, who restored the city's greatness that it had been under Roman rule. Burdegale becomes Bordeu (Gascon term).
Where in the twelfth century, Eleanor of Aquitaine married King Henry II Plantagenet, Aquitaine is attached to England. The former Burdigala expands well beyond the medieval walls. The wine trade that develops between the banks of the Garonne and those of the Thames made the city a rich city.
In the fifteenth century, after the battle of Castillon, the city became French again. The wine trade with England stops marking the end of a prosperous time.
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